Four key to control of TB

50 years ago, the TB epidemic rampant, the highest fatality rate of all types of diseases first. Later, with the level of medical care, and management departments at all levels of support and assistance to TB control. At present, Beijing and Shanghai as the national tuberculosis epidemic and the lowest incidence of the city. To Shanghai as an example, in the early liberation of the incidence rate was as high as 000 -5000/10 million 4000/10, some sectors (such as hairdressing industry) the incidence of tuberculosis as much as 28000/10 million. 1951, the mortality rate for urban TB 208/10 million, accounting for all types of deaths in the first. To 1990, the city's TB incidence rate dropped to 64/10 000, 1985-1997-1990 the average annual incidence rate for urban 67/10 million TB deaths since the age of 29.1 years old in 1951 rose to 63.8 years old in 1990.

Shanghai TB control can achieve such results can be summed up just 4:00 experience, but also can be said that the four key: It is certainly of the investigation, investigations must be implemented, must be found to governance, governance must be thoroughly.

There will be investigations of

Especially those patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and infectious open (that is, its detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum) patients, more than 95 percent of a cough, sputum or even hemoptysis, blood and sputum, chest pain, fatigue and other symptoms. These patients are often in attendance at all levels, hospitals, two weeks after treatment if no improvement, doctors will be chest X-ray fluoroscopy. If found "abnormal lung shadows", a person responsible for its sign, transfers or confirmed, and so on. Therefore, once the treatment of cough and a half months未愈, should be timely for further inspection to prevent TB cause trouble.

Investigations will be implemented

The chest X-ray examination revealed an unusual shadow, will be the implementation of the relevant medical staff confirmed its place. Hospital confirmed to have the ability, to be confirmed after the region reported to the professional bodies; without identification capabilities, will be responsible for the patients transferred to specialized institutions to clear diagnosis. If lost, log-end professional staff and liaison officers responsible for the agency conducted an investigation. TB is not sensational, as suspected patients, doctors should actively cooperate with the inspections related to.

Rule will be found

TB is different from other diseases, are "寓governance in the anti-" disease. TB patients after treatment, would greatly reduce the infectious, TB soon disappear or activities of the decline. This is not only cure the disease, but also to protect the close contacts of patients around the crowd. TB the possibility of self-healing only 10 percent, so patients diagnosed with tuberculosis after. Must accept the standardization of professional institutions. The economy is very difficult TB patients, professional bodies also have a fee waiver places.

Rule will be completely

The so-called "complete", that is, require patients to receive formal treatment, the sputum-positive after treatment in sputum smear and culture negative, the focus absorption and stability, stopping periodically reviewed within two years without recurrence. The more active TB cases, the bacteria more active, there are a variety of powerful anti-cancer drugs, such as rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin could effectively kill the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, also pyrazinamide Killing cells can be swallowed up by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Early, initial detection and timely treatment of patients, almost all can be cured. Treatment must be completely standardized, in accordance with the instructions set out in the programme and rules of administration. Drug programme is divided into two phases: to strengthen the stage of two months, four of the drug; consolidation phase for 3-4 months (some patients to the appropriate extension), the two drugs or three drugs combined. Anti-tuberculosis drugs may be some patients with liver damage, in addition to increases in drug use during the more appropriate protective drugs, the monthly check liver function, so that doctors promptly adjust drug. Rules taking medication on time is not interrupted. In order to completely cure tuberculosis, now adopted "in direct medical personnel under the supervision of medication (DOTS)" manner, so that medical staff closer to patients, patients with a better grasp of the situation.