Occupational, environmental, age, gender, character and the relationship between hypertension
Different occupations in the hypertension have a certain relationship. Busy, tension, requires a high degree of attention focused, less physical activity in the vocational high prevalence rate. That is to say, mental workers susceptible to hypertension. China's relevant personnel in the sample survey found that city staff in the incidence of hypertension was significantly higher than that in rural areas, workers in the same area of hypertension incidence rate was significantly higher than farmers, according to surveys, the different occupational groups of hypertension incidence rate: 12.7% of the drivers, Accounting 11.9%, 10.6% conductor, tobacco workers 10.5%, 7.3% of general workers, teachers 6.1%, 5.4% in high-temperature workers, farmers 2.2 percent. In 1979 ~ 1980 national sample survey found that urban residents over the age of 15 hypertension incidence rate of seven percent, farmers around 3.5 percent. Survey showed that workers were significantly higher than those for farmers and work tension, the spirit of highly concentrated, and environmental and other relevant factors.
The incidence of hypertension and the environment also have a certain relationship. Talking about here is more complicated environmental factors, diet, air pollution, noise, occupational and other circumstances. Japanese scientists pointed out that the incidence of hypertension with salt consumption is proportional to the region.
The incidence of hypertension increased with age and increased According to statistics, 20-year-old following incidence rate of 3.11 percent, 20-year-old to 29-year-old to 3.91 percent, 30-year-old to 39-year-old to 4.95 percent, 40-year-old to 49 years for 8.60 %, 50-year-old to 59 years for 11.38 percent, 60-year-old to 69 years for 17.23% to 26%. This shows that the 40-year-old after the incidence of hypertension has increased significantly, probably due to age and growth in physiological changes caused by external factors or the long-term effects.
The incidence of hypertension in men and women have some differences. Some reports indicate that both sexes have the systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase with age and increase, the average age of 35 systolic blood pressure started to rise, every five years of age increased 4 mmHg; and diastolic blood pressure since the 30-year-old began to rise, increasing every five years 1.5mmHg, diastolic blood pressure of slow growth in systolic blood pressure. Gender changes in blood pressure, started the incidence of male than women, while women after the age of 45 increased blood pressure slightly faster, especially systolic blood pressure, seems to have increased during menopause in the phenomenon. At the same time, the characteristics of female patients with hypertension than men, the prognosis is good, why is not yet clear.
According to the survey, a strong personality, easily excited and impatient in distress, difficult to restrain from excessive own, stubborn stereotypes, paranoia and more worry, personality Guaipi, and have suppressed or hostile, aggressive tendencies, the body can cause metabolic disorders , Physiological disorder or even suffering from hypertension. It was reported that the character, in a survey of the hypertension group of 19.71 percent, which means that such extreme inward-looking personality characteristics, is a hypertension risk factors.
5/07/2008
Hypertension pathogenesis of mental, neurological theory
Hypertension pathogenesis of mental, neurological theory
The spirit of the source doctrine (psychogenic theory) in the external factors that stimulated, the patients appear more obvious than the long-term or repeated the spirit of tension, anxiety, irritability and other emotional changes, the cerebral cortex excited, and the imbalance can not inhibit the normal exercise of regulation and control of the central cortex Activities of the function, sympathetic nerve activity increased, the central systolic and diastolic blood vessels reported to the impulse of the vasoconstrictor advantage, so that small artery contraction, increased peripheral vascular resistance, high blood pressure. Nervous system in the regulation of blood pressure plays an important role.
Medullary vascular movement is central pressure, and feelings of decompression zone, in the pons, the hypothalamus and the more advanced central nucleus with the participation of the main hub Secretary vascular regulation, such as the central issue at all levels of the vasoconstrictor impulse to increase various types of receptors or Into the vasoconstrictor signal enhancement of nerve or vascular resistance to over-react when the media could lead to the formation of hypertension, which is the source of doctrine (neurogenic theory) explanation, which enhance the activities of the sympathetic nervous system played a major role, through Catecholamines of media in particular the release of norepinephrine to small artery contraction. Long-term infusion of hypertension have a role to strengthen the structure of (structural reinforcement) and will enable the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle, mast, the vessel wall thickening and vascular cavity smaller and the vessel wall cells can be induced by electrical activity, to strengthen the contraction of blood vessels and sympathetic Near the ball on renal nerve cells to the role of renin release of hypertension increased in order to maintain the status.
The spirit of the source doctrine (psychogenic theory) in the external factors that stimulated, the patients appear more obvious than the long-term or repeated the spirit of tension, anxiety, irritability and other emotional changes, the cerebral cortex excited, and the imbalance can not inhibit the normal exercise of regulation and control of the central cortex Activities of the function, sympathetic nerve activity increased, the central systolic and diastolic blood vessels reported to the impulse of the vasoconstrictor advantage, so that small artery contraction, increased peripheral vascular resistance, high blood pressure. Nervous system in the regulation of blood pressure plays an important role.
Medullary vascular movement is central pressure, and feelings of decompression zone, in the pons, the hypothalamus and the more advanced central nucleus with the participation of the main hub Secretary vascular regulation, such as the central issue at all levels of the vasoconstrictor impulse to increase various types of receptors or Into the vasoconstrictor signal enhancement of nerve or vascular resistance to over-react when the media could lead to the formation of hypertension, which is the source of doctrine (neurogenic theory) explanation, which enhance the activities of the sympathetic nervous system played a major role, through Catecholamines of media in particular the release of norepinephrine to small artery contraction. Long-term infusion of hypertension have a role to strengthen the structure of (structural reinforcement) and will enable the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle, mast, the vessel wall thickening and vascular cavity smaller and the vessel wall cells can be induced by electrical activity, to strengthen the contraction of blood vessels and sympathetic Near the ball on renal nerve cells to the role of renin release of hypertension increased in order to maintain the status.
What is white hypertension
What is white hypertension
White high blood pressure, as its name suggests that hypertension is associated with looking pale, it is renal vascular and renal hypertension features. Renovascular hypertension is due to unilateral or bilateral renal artery stenosis or occlusion or branch caused by hypertension, renal hypertension refers to kidney diseases such as acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, such as polycystic kidney disease Caused by hypertension.
Both diseases are different, but can lead to renal insufficiency, anemia caused kidney-derived. Both have virtually the same as the mechanism of anemia:
① kidneys produce erythropoietin reduced, this substance the human body produce red blood cells is an important factor.
② because of renal insufficiency, in toxic product of retention, destruction of red cell membrane, leading to shorten the life of red blood cells.
③ renal insufficiency, the patient because of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and so on, resulting in iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and other hematopoietic materials to reduce intake.
④ some patients have bleeding tendencies, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, or because of excessive specimen collection, blood loss caused by anemia.
Recognition of "white hypertension", we must first understand the relationship between hypertension and anaemia. Many patients and doctors often high blood pressure and anemia as the relative isolation of two different things, the loss of clues to make the right diagnosis. If a person has high blood pressure, have signs of anemia, in addition to double-check hemoglobin and red blood cell count, we must also check serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. If a large number of protein in urine, and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen increased significantly, the tips of renal hypertension.
"White hypertension," the treatment, mainly for cause, such as diet, correct water and electrolyte imbalance and acid-base balance disorders, infection control, dialysis treatment and Chinese medicine, and supplemented with antihypertensive drugs. Renovascular hypertension and renal hypertension in the renin-dependent hypertension, with captopril acid, propranolol, long pressure for results often better renal hypertension in the capacity-dependent hypertension, with the appropriate diuretics, Receive good effect. At the same time, it will be time to add iron, folic acid and vitamin B12, and so on. Because blood transfusion is often inhibited the formation of erythropoietin, and enter the red blood cells in patients due to the impact of toxic substances quickly destroyed, so no general treatment of blood transfusion.
White high blood pressure, as its name suggests that hypertension is associated with looking pale, it is renal vascular and renal hypertension features. Renovascular hypertension is due to unilateral or bilateral renal artery stenosis or occlusion or branch caused by hypertension, renal hypertension refers to kidney diseases such as acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, such as polycystic kidney disease Caused by hypertension.
Both diseases are different, but can lead to renal insufficiency, anemia caused kidney-derived. Both have virtually the same as the mechanism of anemia:
① kidneys produce erythropoietin reduced, this substance the human body produce red blood cells is an important factor.
② because of renal insufficiency, in toxic product of retention, destruction of red cell membrane, leading to shorten the life of red blood cells.
③ renal insufficiency, the patient because of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and so on, resulting in iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and other hematopoietic materials to reduce intake.
④ some patients have bleeding tendencies, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, or because of excessive specimen collection, blood loss caused by anemia.
Recognition of "white hypertension", we must first understand the relationship between hypertension and anaemia. Many patients and doctors often high blood pressure and anemia as the relative isolation of two different things, the loss of clues to make the right diagnosis. If a person has high blood pressure, have signs of anemia, in addition to double-check hemoglobin and red blood cell count, we must also check serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. If a large number of protein in urine, and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen increased significantly, the tips of renal hypertension.
"White hypertension," the treatment, mainly for cause, such as diet, correct water and electrolyte imbalance and acid-base balance disorders, infection control, dialysis treatment and Chinese medicine, and supplemented with antihypertensive drugs. Renovascular hypertension and renal hypertension in the renin-dependent hypertension, with captopril acid, propranolol, long pressure for results often better renal hypertension in the capacity-dependent hypertension, with the appropriate diuretics, Receive good effect. At the same time, it will be time to add iron, folic acid and vitamin B12, and so on. Because blood transfusion is often inhibited the formation of erythropoietin, and enter the red blood cells in patients due to the impact of toxic substances quickly destroyed, so no general treatment of blood transfusion.
What is a hypertensive emergency
What is a hypertensive emergency
Hypertension is acute hypertensive patients, blood pressure in a short period of time (a few hours or days) was significantly higher in Jizhou, accompanied by heart, brain, kidney, retina and other important target organ dysfunction as a serious life-threatening clinical comprehensive Levy, seen in patients with hypertension and some secondary hypertension, the incidence rate of hypertension in patients with 5 per cent. Hypertension often caused acute target organ function serious obstacles, even failure. Therefore, the urgent emergency treatment of hypertension, is to take swift and effective measures, in a few minutes to one hour to safe blood pressure within the scope of the failure of organ function improved or restored. If not timely rescue, poor prognosis. Common hypertensive emergency are:
1. Hypertensive encephalopathy occurred in the original cerebral arteriosclerosis patients, showing high blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure超过16.0 kPa (120mmHg), headache, vomiting, irritability, bradycardia, blurred vision, such as drunken appearance .
2. Hypertensive crisis due to tension, trauma, fatigue, cold, and so induced, there irritability, sweating, palpitations, hand-foot-shaking, looking pale and abnormal Dengzheng consciousness, may have angina, congestive heart failure.
3. Aggressive type of malignant hypertension more common in young people, often sudden headache, dizziness, blurred vision, palpitations, shortness of breath and other symptoms. Illness developed rapidly, with easy heart, brain and kidney dysfunction.
4. Stubbornly intractable hypertension also known as hypertension, patients often routine use of antihypertensive drugs did not work, blood pressure continued to increase, easily with heart, brain and kidney damage.
5. Pregnancy-induced hypertension in pregnancy hypertension-prone pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, endangering lives of mother and son.
6. Aortic dissection chest pain in patients with hypertension, in addition to angina, myocardial infarction, should consider this disease. Suffering from hypertension patients with aortic dissection, in more common in older men, a sudden onset of severe pain in the chest or the Department of Shoulder mainly along the spine can also go to the abdomen, radiation to the neck and upper limbs, looking pale, Lin Li sweat, and even shock, and sudden death.
7. Pheochromocytoma crisis as part of adrenal tumors are a result of hypertension, more common in young people, paroxysmal or persistent high blood pressure, with onset of headache, sweating, palpitations, looking pale and shivering, pupil Casual, blurred vision and other symptoms. For the general spirit of stimulation, strenuous exercise, such as changes in body position on incentives.
When suffering from the acute high blood pressure, the importance of timely treatment to the hospital.
Hypertension is acute hypertensive patients, blood pressure in a short period of time (a few hours or days) was significantly higher in Jizhou, accompanied by heart, brain, kidney, retina and other important target organ dysfunction as a serious life-threatening clinical comprehensive Levy, seen in patients with hypertension and some secondary hypertension, the incidence rate of hypertension in patients with 5 per cent. Hypertension often caused acute target organ function serious obstacles, even failure. Therefore, the urgent emergency treatment of hypertension, is to take swift and effective measures, in a few minutes to one hour to safe blood pressure within the scope of the failure of organ function improved or restored. If not timely rescue, poor prognosis. Common hypertensive emergency are:
1. Hypertensive encephalopathy occurred in the original cerebral arteriosclerosis patients, showing high blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure超过16.0 kPa (120mmHg), headache, vomiting, irritability, bradycardia, blurred vision, such as drunken appearance .
2. Hypertensive crisis due to tension, trauma, fatigue, cold, and so induced, there irritability, sweating, palpitations, hand-foot-shaking, looking pale and abnormal Dengzheng consciousness, may have angina, congestive heart failure.
3. Aggressive type of malignant hypertension more common in young people, often sudden headache, dizziness, blurred vision, palpitations, shortness of breath and other symptoms. Illness developed rapidly, with easy heart, brain and kidney dysfunction.
4. Stubbornly intractable hypertension also known as hypertension, patients often routine use of antihypertensive drugs did not work, blood pressure continued to increase, easily with heart, brain and kidney damage.
5. Pregnancy-induced hypertension in pregnancy hypertension-prone pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, endangering lives of mother and son.
6. Aortic dissection chest pain in patients with hypertension, in addition to angina, myocardial infarction, should consider this disease. Suffering from hypertension patients with aortic dissection, in more common in older men, a sudden onset of severe pain in the chest or the Department of Shoulder mainly along the spine can also go to the abdomen, radiation to the neck and upper limbs, looking pale, Lin Li sweat, and even shock, and sudden death.
7. Pheochromocytoma crisis as part of adrenal tumors are a result of hypertension, more common in young people, paroxysmal or persistent high blood pressure, with onset of headache, sweating, palpitations, looking pale and shivering, pupil Casual, blurred vision and other symptoms. For the general spirit of stimulation, strenuous exercise, such as changes in body position on incentives.
When suffering from the acute high blood pressure, the importance of timely treatment to the hospital.
What is hypertensive encephalopathy
What is hypertensive encephalopathy
Hypertensive encephalopathy is a sharp increase blood pressure (diastolic blood pressure in general more than 17.3 kPa) lead to cerebral edema and intracranial压升高, caused a change in Jizhou of clinical syndrome, and often occurred in radical minority of hypertension and ease into the hypertensive病人. Also seen in acute glomerulonephritis, pregnancy-induced hypertension, renal hypertension and pheochromocytoma, and other patients. Clinical sudden rise in blood pressure, headache, vomiting, irritability, seizures and unconsciousness as the main performance.
Headache to diffuse the whole headache, the amount before or after the main pillow, coughing or forced aggravating, often accompanied with nausea and vomiting.
Disturbance of consciousness are more common, light to make them apathetic, fuzzy consciousness, lethargy, weight, coma, and with hemiplegia, Pianmang, aphasia and bust dysfunction.
Hypertensive encephalopathy convulsion attack is another common symptom, performance or limitations for systemic convulsion, serious form of status epilepticus. Twitch is due to the emergence of the continuing role of intracranial hypertension, brain tissue focal necrosis, the brain caused by abnormal discharge.
Hypertensive encephalopathy fundus examination, the foreseeable edema, or optic nerve head with intravenous circuitous thinning, such as Yinsi kind, or arteriovenous cross, with a retinal bleeding. Lumbar puncture CSF examination showed increased pressure, increase the protein content of or containing a small amount of red blood cells and interleukin.
Hypertensive encephalopathy for more CT scan shows no abnormalities performance or cerebral edema, brain hemorrhage and this is the basis for the identification of one.
The pathogenesis of hypertensive encephalopathy, is not very clear, because the majority of that sudden rise of blood pressure and cerebral artery self-regulation caused by the disorder. Under normal circumstances, high blood pressure and cerebral arteries to contract, not the brain arteries over filling; blood pressure dropped, the small cerebral artery relaxation to ensure that the blood supply to the brain so that the intracranial pressure to maintain the normal range. However, the rapid increase blood pressure, this regulatory function disorders, brain arteries sustained and strong contraction, then the Mandatory diastolic passive and in the brain and excessive infusion of cerebral edema, and produce a series of intracranial压升高Symptoms.
Hypertensive encephalopathy is a serious complication of hypertension, if not timely rescue, due to continued increased intracranial pressure, irreversible brain damage or death due to cerebral hernia formation and, therefore, it is necessary to closely observe the condition, the prevention of hypertension Encephalopathy in the event of a rescue treatment should be positive.
Hypertensive encephalopathy is a sharp increase blood pressure (diastolic blood pressure in general more than 17.3 kPa) lead to cerebral edema and intracranial压升高, caused a change in Jizhou of clinical syndrome, and often occurred in radical minority of hypertension and ease into the hypertensive病人. Also seen in acute glomerulonephritis, pregnancy-induced hypertension, renal hypertension and pheochromocytoma, and other patients. Clinical sudden rise in blood pressure, headache, vomiting, irritability, seizures and unconsciousness as the main performance.
Headache to diffuse the whole headache, the amount before or after the main pillow, coughing or forced aggravating, often accompanied with nausea and vomiting.
Disturbance of consciousness are more common, light to make them apathetic, fuzzy consciousness, lethargy, weight, coma, and with hemiplegia, Pianmang, aphasia and bust dysfunction.
Hypertensive encephalopathy convulsion attack is another common symptom, performance or limitations for systemic convulsion, serious form of status epilepticus. Twitch is due to the emergence of the continuing role of intracranial hypertension, brain tissue focal necrosis, the brain caused by abnormal discharge.
Hypertensive encephalopathy fundus examination, the foreseeable edema, or optic nerve head with intravenous circuitous thinning, such as Yinsi kind, or arteriovenous cross, with a retinal bleeding. Lumbar puncture CSF examination showed increased pressure, increase the protein content of or containing a small amount of red blood cells and interleukin.
Hypertensive encephalopathy for more CT scan shows no abnormalities performance or cerebral edema, brain hemorrhage and this is the basis for the identification of one.
The pathogenesis of hypertensive encephalopathy, is not very clear, because the majority of that sudden rise of blood pressure and cerebral artery self-regulation caused by the disorder. Under normal circumstances, high blood pressure and cerebral arteries to contract, not the brain arteries over filling; blood pressure dropped, the small cerebral artery relaxation to ensure that the blood supply to the brain so that the intracranial pressure to maintain the normal range. However, the rapid increase blood pressure, this regulatory function disorders, brain arteries sustained and strong contraction, then the Mandatory diastolic passive and in the brain and excessive infusion of cerebral edema, and produce a series of intracranial压升高Symptoms.
Hypertensive encephalopathy is a serious complication of hypertension, if not timely rescue, due to continued increased intracranial pressure, irreversible brain damage or death due to cerebral hernia formation and, therefore, it is necessary to closely observe the condition, the prevention of hypertension Encephalopathy in the event of a rescue treatment should be positive.
What is the plateau hypertension
What is the plateau hypertension
Long-term living in the highland areas of increased blood pressure (especially the diastolic blood pressure increased多见), without the existence of other cases of hypertension and returned to Plains after treatment without a buck, will soon return to normal blood pressure, high blood pressure known as the plateau. The incidence of non-exact statistical data, but much higher than the non-living in the plateau region the prevalence rate.
Plateau hypertension clinical mainly for general cardio-cerebral vascular diseases of the signs and symptoms, such as palpitations, shortness of breath, heart expand, arrhythmia and heart failure, accompanied by high-pressure increased, sometimes in hypertensive crisis. Its incidence is a common role in a variety of factors. Highland anoxia due to the decline in arterial blood oxygen content, to the small blood vessels to contract, cramps, peripheral vascular resistance increased sympathetic activity increased by hypoxia, accelerated heart rate, reduce cycle time; hypoxia secondary erythrocytosis, to the blood volume and blood Viscosity increase at the same time increase the renin secretion, adrenal gland, such as hyperthyroidism, these changes can make high blood pressure, a series of clinical symptoms and signs.
On the plateau of the treatment of hypertension, in addition to conventional should be given strong heart, diuretic, vasodilative drugs and infection control, antihypertensive treatment should be made. And the treatment of long-term positive effect was not obvious, or with severe organ damage, promptly transferred to the treatment of non-highland areas is also very important.
Long-term living in the highland areas of increased blood pressure (especially the diastolic blood pressure increased多见), without the existence of other cases of hypertension and returned to Plains after treatment without a buck, will soon return to normal blood pressure, high blood pressure known as the plateau. The incidence of non-exact statistical data, but much higher than the non-living in the plateau region the prevalence rate.
Plateau hypertension clinical mainly for general cardio-cerebral vascular diseases of the signs and symptoms, such as palpitations, shortness of breath, heart expand, arrhythmia and heart failure, accompanied by high-pressure increased, sometimes in hypertensive crisis. Its incidence is a common role in a variety of factors. Highland anoxia due to the decline in arterial blood oxygen content, to the small blood vessels to contract, cramps, peripheral vascular resistance increased sympathetic activity increased by hypoxia, accelerated heart rate, reduce cycle time; hypoxia secondary erythrocytosis, to the blood volume and blood Viscosity increase at the same time increase the renin secretion, adrenal gland, such as hyperthyroidism, these changes can make high blood pressure, a series of clinical symptoms and signs.
On the plateau of the treatment of hypertension, in addition to conventional should be given strong heart, diuretic, vasodilative drugs and infection control, antihypertensive treatment should be made. And the treatment of long-term positive effect was not obvious, or with severe organ damage, promptly transferred to the treatment of non-highland areas is also very important.
What is a radical type of malignant hypertension
What is a radical type of malignant hypertension
Aggressive type of malignant hypertension, including radical type of hypertension and malignant hypertension. The so-called fast-hypertension is a condition that is the beginning of the rapid progress, or the slow process of several years after the sudden rapid development. Common in young people under the age of 40 and the elderly, clinical performance significantly increased blood pressure, often sustained in 26.6/17.3 kPa (200/130mmHg) above, fundus examination showed retinal hemorrhage or leakage. Malignant hypertension more common in young people, diastolic blood pressure often超过18.6 kPa (140mmHg), a nipple as edema (Ⅱ pole). Now that both clinical and pathological changes similar to fast-if not timely treatment of hypertension, high blood pressure can be rapidly into vicious. In other words, malignant hypertension is the radical-hypertension of the most serious stage, therefore, now collectively known as the aggressive type of malignant hypertension.
Aggressive type of malignant hypertension can also be no early symptoms, or only a headache to the early morning as heavy, and often extreme fatigue, excessive tension in the spirit of cold stimulation, menopause and endocrine problems, such as incentives, so that a sudden increase blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure more than 17.3 k Pa (130mmHg) above, check eyes visible retinal bleeding, leakage or nipple as edema, may also be a performance of heart failure, such as the apex throb Obviously, the expansion of the heart, but to renal damage most prominent. Often persistent proteinuria, hematuria, the management of urine, and the merger tiny artery hemolytic and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and sometimes may appear hemolytic anemia, often prompted a critical condition at this time.
Hypertension is a radical type of hypertension in an emergency situation, although as hypertensive encephalopathy dangerous, but if not timely antihypertensive treatment, often life-threatening. According to statistics, within one year survival rate is only 10 percent to 20 percent, most of the patients died within a year. No renal damage or renal dysfunction lesser better prognosis, long-term survival possible. Aggressive type of malignant hypertension prognosis and etiology, disease, blood pressure, heart and brain and eyes change renal function of the extent of damage. High blood pressure and heart and brain of important organs such as kidney damage serious prognosis is poor. In recent years due to aggressive type of malignant hypertension the continuous in-depth research, treatment and the improvement of the emergence of new drugs, it greatly improved the prognosis.
Aggressive type of malignant hypertension, including radical type of hypertension and malignant hypertension. The so-called fast-hypertension is a condition that is the beginning of the rapid progress, or the slow process of several years after the sudden rapid development. Common in young people under the age of 40 and the elderly, clinical performance significantly increased blood pressure, often sustained in 26.6/17.3 kPa (200/130mmHg) above, fundus examination showed retinal hemorrhage or leakage. Malignant hypertension more common in young people, diastolic blood pressure often超过18.6 kPa (140mmHg), a nipple as edema (Ⅱ pole). Now that both clinical and pathological changes similar to fast-if not timely treatment of hypertension, high blood pressure can be rapidly into vicious. In other words, malignant hypertension is the radical-hypertension of the most serious stage, therefore, now collectively known as the aggressive type of malignant hypertension.
Aggressive type of malignant hypertension can also be no early symptoms, or only a headache to the early morning as heavy, and often extreme fatigue, excessive tension in the spirit of cold stimulation, menopause and endocrine problems, such as incentives, so that a sudden increase blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure more than 17.3 k Pa (130mmHg) above, check eyes visible retinal bleeding, leakage or nipple as edema, may also be a performance of heart failure, such as the apex throb Obviously, the expansion of the heart, but to renal damage most prominent. Often persistent proteinuria, hematuria, the management of urine, and the merger tiny artery hemolytic and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and sometimes may appear hemolytic anemia, often prompted a critical condition at this time.
Hypertension is a radical type of hypertension in an emergency situation, although as hypertensive encephalopathy dangerous, but if not timely antihypertensive treatment, often life-threatening. According to statistics, within one year survival rate is only 10 percent to 20 percent, most of the patients died within a year. No renal damage or renal dysfunction lesser better prognosis, long-term survival possible. Aggressive type of malignant hypertension prognosis and etiology, disease, blood pressure, heart and brain and eyes change renal function of the extent of damage. High blood pressure and heart and brain of important organs such as kidney damage serious prognosis is poor. In recent years due to aggressive type of malignant hypertension the continuous in-depth research, treatment and the improvement of the emergence of new drugs, it greatly improved the prognosis.
What is intractable hypertension
What is intractable hypertension
Most patients with hypertension after anti-hypertensive drug therapy, blood pressure can be controlled at a satisfactory level, while a small number of patients with hypertension despite receiving a higher dose of drug in the treatment, the diastolic blood pressure continued to increase, remain at 15.2 kPa (115mm Hg) and above, Known as intractable hypertension.
Intractable causes of hypertension is more complicated, the general should check the reasons for the following aspects.
1. Catering improper some patients with hypertension is caused by improper diet. That is, after suffering from hypertension do not pay attention to diet control, such as the chaos-eat drink, tobacco, alcohol, sugar, fat, offal and other animals can not and will not bogey, increased atherosclerosis, affecting the blood vessels flexible and lead to vasospasm, can blood pressure Habitat highly difficult, therefore, serve antihypertensive agents to perform well.
2. Inappropriate medication use a single, ignored the drug treatment, hypertension is often Jiuzhi the reasons for the drop is not, therefore, attention should be paid to patients with hypertension combined. At the same time, attention should be paid to adhere to medication, not good on that withdrawal, not because of Jiuzhi blood pressure down and not give up treatment of refractory patients with hypertension often have to lifelong medication.
3. Ineffective for weight loss obesity-hypertension, obesity and is often a balance between high blood pressure, high blood pressure patients if such relief simply rely on drug treatment, and not reduce weight, blood pressure dropped often unsatisfactory, so in addition to adhere to such patients drop Pressure treatment, attention should be paid to lose weight.
4. The spirit of high blood pressure and poor mental state is closely related to poor, because emotional instability and tension in sympathetic to the body increased secretion of catecholamine, a contraction of vascular, blood pressure Jiuzhi not turn down, Therefore, high blood pressure patients to pay attention to self-conciliation, and maintain a happy mood, overcoming impetuosity.
5. Movement is too small number of patients with hypertension do not love, a small amount of exercise, sleep eating, sleep eating, simply relying on antihypertensive drug treatment, blood pressure often Jiuzhi not drop, so patients with hypertension should strengthen physical exercise. Sports not only relief, but also in addition to fat diet and regulating psychological balance, improve mental state of tension.
The persistence of high blood pressure, as long as blood pressure can not find out the reasons for the drop, reasonable treatment, Jiuzhi not drop in blood pressure and more can be changed.
Intractable hypertension present the choice of antihypertensive drugs more than that combined. Generally preferred calcium antagonists, such as nifedipine, nitrendipine, such drugs are characterized by a lasting effect, the side effects of small, reliable efficacy. If the treatment of blood pressure drop得不ideal, arteriosclerosis heavier, larger pulse pressure may increase use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, such as captopril, or enalapril, plus softening of vascular medicine Vitamin C And nicotinic acid tablets, if the heart rate faster, it should be added to β-blockers, such as propranolol, metoprolol Effects of metoprolol, such as the United States or if diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure small, body fat, it should be added to the appropriate Diuretics, such as urine thiadiazole dihydrochloride grams, Anben Die啶, it should be noted Bujia to prevent electrolyte imbalance, plus weight loss Antuo prescribed lipid-lowering drugs, nicotinic acid inositol lipid, such as oryzanol.
Most patients with hypertension after anti-hypertensive drug therapy, blood pressure can be controlled at a satisfactory level, while a small number of patients with hypertension despite receiving a higher dose of drug in the treatment, the diastolic blood pressure continued to increase, remain at 15.2 kPa (115mm Hg) and above, Known as intractable hypertension.
Intractable causes of hypertension is more complicated, the general should check the reasons for the following aspects.
1. Catering improper some patients with hypertension is caused by improper diet. That is, after suffering from hypertension do not pay attention to diet control, such as the chaos-eat drink, tobacco, alcohol, sugar, fat, offal and other animals can not and will not bogey, increased atherosclerosis, affecting the blood vessels flexible and lead to vasospasm, can blood pressure Habitat highly difficult, therefore, serve antihypertensive agents to perform well.
2. Inappropriate medication use a single, ignored the drug treatment, hypertension is often Jiuzhi the reasons for the drop is not, therefore, attention should be paid to patients with hypertension combined. At the same time, attention should be paid to adhere to medication, not good on that withdrawal, not because of Jiuzhi blood pressure down and not give up treatment of refractory patients with hypertension often have to lifelong medication.
3. Ineffective for weight loss obesity-hypertension, obesity and is often a balance between high blood pressure, high blood pressure patients if such relief simply rely on drug treatment, and not reduce weight, blood pressure dropped often unsatisfactory, so in addition to adhere to such patients drop Pressure treatment, attention should be paid to lose weight.
4. The spirit of high blood pressure and poor mental state is closely related to poor, because emotional instability and tension in sympathetic to the body increased secretion of catecholamine, a contraction of vascular, blood pressure Jiuzhi not turn down, Therefore, high blood pressure patients to pay attention to self-conciliation, and maintain a happy mood, overcoming impetuosity.
5. Movement is too small number of patients with hypertension do not love, a small amount of exercise, sleep eating, sleep eating, simply relying on antihypertensive drug treatment, blood pressure often Jiuzhi not drop, so patients with hypertension should strengthen physical exercise. Sports not only relief, but also in addition to fat diet and regulating psychological balance, improve mental state of tension.
The persistence of high blood pressure, as long as blood pressure can not find out the reasons for the drop, reasonable treatment, Jiuzhi not drop in blood pressure and more can be changed.
Intractable hypertension present the choice of antihypertensive drugs more than that combined. Generally preferred calcium antagonists, such as nifedipine, nitrendipine, such drugs are characterized by a lasting effect, the side effects of small, reliable efficacy. If the treatment of blood pressure drop得不ideal, arteriosclerosis heavier, larger pulse pressure may increase use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, such as captopril, or enalapril, plus softening of vascular medicine Vitamin C And nicotinic acid tablets, if the heart rate faster, it should be added to β-blockers, such as propranolol, metoprolol Effects of metoprolol, such as the United States or if diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure small, body fat, it should be added to the appropriate Diuretics, such as urine thiadiazole dihydrochloride grams, Anben Die啶, it should be noted Bujia to prevent electrolyte imbalance, plus weight loss Antuo prescribed lipid-lowering drugs, nicotinic acid inositol lipid, such as oryzanol.
Diabetics are prone to high blood pressure
Diabetics are prone to high blood pressure
Diabetic patients with hypertension prevalence rate of twice the non-diabetic patients, patients with hypertension and diabetes prevalence rate of the peak earlier than the normal 10 appear, and those with hypertension occurred more myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents and large peripheral vascular disease And accelerate retinopathy and kidney disease occurrence and development, a fact that has attracted people's attention.
So, why diabetes is prone to hypertension »
① As glucose metabolism disorders can accelerate the renal artery and systemic atherosclerosis small, peripheral resistance increased, high blood pressure.
② high blood sugar can increase blood volume, kidney overload, Shuinazhuliu, eventually can cause high blood pressure.
High blood pressure and cardiac output and peripheral resistance related. Cardiac output without increasing the peripheral blood pressure change can cause increased peripheral resistance without increasing cardiac output or blood volume changes may also increase blood pressure, diabetes patients have these two changes, so will the rapid blood pressure Rise and cause serious complications.
On the other hand, hypertension can increase the damage caused by diabetes, including its small blood vessels and the impact of the kidney, forming a vicious cycle, in order to interrupt this vicious cycle, we must actively control diabetes, the body organizations to try to improve insulin sensitivity, Should also be effective in controlling blood pressure, so that they will reach normal range, but the impact should avoid the use of insulin metabolism of antihypertensive drugs such as diuretics, such as thiadiazole dihydrochloride grams of urine. In addition, appropriate exercise and reduce the weight of hypertension and diabetes is also very important measures. On the one hand it can improve the body's sensitivity to insulin organizations to reduce insulin and other hypoglycemic agents dose of the other mild to moderate hypertension significantly reduce blood pressure, diabetic with hypertension, should adhere to the appropriate campaign And weight control, and other non-drug treatment.
Diabetic patients with hypertension prevalence rate of twice the non-diabetic patients, patients with hypertension and diabetes prevalence rate of the peak earlier than the normal 10 appear, and those with hypertension occurred more myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents and large peripheral vascular disease And accelerate retinopathy and kidney disease occurrence and development, a fact that has attracted people's attention.
So, why diabetes is prone to hypertension »
① As glucose metabolism disorders can accelerate the renal artery and systemic atherosclerosis small, peripheral resistance increased, high blood pressure.
② high blood sugar can increase blood volume, kidney overload, Shuinazhuliu, eventually can cause high blood pressure.
High blood pressure and cardiac output and peripheral resistance related. Cardiac output without increasing the peripheral blood pressure change can cause increased peripheral resistance without increasing cardiac output or blood volume changes may also increase blood pressure, diabetes patients have these two changes, so will the rapid blood pressure Rise and cause serious complications.
On the other hand, hypertension can increase the damage caused by diabetes, including its small blood vessels and the impact of the kidney, forming a vicious cycle, in order to interrupt this vicious cycle, we must actively control diabetes, the body organizations to try to improve insulin sensitivity, Should also be effective in controlling blood pressure, so that they will reach normal range, but the impact should avoid the use of insulin metabolism of antihypertensive drugs such as diuretics, such as thiadiazole dihydrochloride grams of urine. In addition, appropriate exercise and reduce the weight of hypertension and diabetes is also very important measures. On the one hand it can improve the body's sensitivity to insulin organizations to reduce insulin and other hypoglycemic agents dose of the other mild to moderate hypertension significantly reduce blood pressure, diabetic with hypertension, should adhere to the appropriate campaign And weight control, and other non-drug treatment.
Hypertension prognostic factors affect what
Hypertension prognostic factors affect what1. The severity of hypertension. Generally speaking, the higher the blood pressure, the worse the prognosis. The radical treatment of malignant hypertension, the majority of deaths in six months, one year survival rate is only 2% or less, but one or two such as the timely treatment of hypertension, or controlling the disease will be cured development, heart, brain, kidney , And other complications have not occurred, and almost normal blood pressure who enjoy the same life, and do not affect the quality of life.
2. The severity of complications. Stroke, hypertension with poor prognosis, timely rescue after the high rate of invalidity. Hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, although in many years to maintain a normal life, but the event of a left ventricular dysfunction, the condition often have waned, despite the treatment, five years after the death half. With coronary heart disease, hypertension, high incidence of acute myocardial infarction, or because of acute coronary insufficiency in case of sudden death. Hypertension caused by renal dysfunction, the general appeared relatively late, the prognosis of patients with less affected.
3. Older, the worse the prognosis. Elderly patients with organ dysfunction, often while suffering from other diseases, hypertension complications also see more, the tolerance of the drug to reduce side effects increase, affecting the quality of life, and vulnerable to all kinds of accidents.
4. By a number of intractable diseases caused by hypertension secondary to poor prognosis. Such as severe kidney dysfunction, the drug and dialysis therapy to control blood pressure. Sometimes necessary with renal and rely on lifelong dialysis treatment for life. Sympathetic organizations and malignant lesions, the result of the disease difficult to cure, not lower blood pressure naturally.
5. Patients do not comply with doctor's orders, can not adhere to long-term medication, Luantou Yi, chaotic drug users, overweight or not we can stick to weight loss. Long-term hobby rather than alcohol and tobacco control, the prognosis is poor.
6. Hypertension with a stroke, myocardial infarction or family history of sudden death, serious complications arise as early as its incidence rate is high and no family history of a poor prognosis.
2. The severity of complications. Stroke, hypertension with poor prognosis, timely rescue after the high rate of invalidity. Hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, although in many years to maintain a normal life, but the event of a left ventricular dysfunction, the condition often have waned, despite the treatment, five years after the death half. With coronary heart disease, hypertension, high incidence of acute myocardial infarction, or because of acute coronary insufficiency in case of sudden death. Hypertension caused by renal dysfunction, the general appeared relatively late, the prognosis of patients with less affected.
3. Older, the worse the prognosis. Elderly patients with organ dysfunction, often while suffering from other diseases, hypertension complications also see more, the tolerance of the drug to reduce side effects increase, affecting the quality of life, and vulnerable to all kinds of accidents.
4. By a number of intractable diseases caused by hypertension secondary to poor prognosis. Such as severe kidney dysfunction, the drug and dialysis therapy to control blood pressure. Sometimes necessary with renal and rely on lifelong dialysis treatment for life. Sympathetic organizations and malignant lesions, the result of the disease difficult to cure, not lower blood pressure naturally.
5. Patients do not comply with doctor's orders, can not adhere to long-term medication, Luantou Yi, chaotic drug users, overweight or not we can stick to weight loss. Long-term hobby rather than alcohol and tobacco control, the prognosis is poor.
6. Hypertension with a stroke, myocardial infarction or family history of sudden death, serious complications arise as early as its incidence rate is high and no family history of a poor prognosis.
The relationship between snoring and hypertension
The relationship between snoring and hypertension
Everyone in life is easy to see that a significant number of people who sleep snoring high blood pressure. In clinical work, they often encounter a number of middle-aged male patients with hypertension, their body fat, blood and more quality, short neck, snoring sleep, taking a variety of antihypertensive drug treatment after blood pressure remained high. So, is not snoring and hypertension-related «If some patients to a positive pressure breathing by the nose of the special treatment, the patient's blood pressure can be relatively easy to control in an ideal level. The disease in medicine known as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, commonly known as snoring with hypertension.
People sleep in the respiratory rate and depth is not absolute uniformity, even apnea can have temporary phenomenon, if a suspension of less than 10 seconds, will not affect the sleep artery in the blood oxygen content, this phenomenon is normal. However, if a suspension of more than 10 seconds, then called apnea. Sleep apnea caused a lot of reasons, such as the elderly heart failure, chronic renal failure, central nervous system diseases, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is due to airway obstruction from a series of consequences. As hypoxia stimulate the central nervous system so that patients Bie wake up, and then return to normal, so wake up repeatedly Bie, occurred dozens of times over the night, resulting in poor quality of sleep, Cheng Qian sleep. Anoxic breathing repeatedly suspended and have a carbon dioxide retention can cause pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular dysfunction. Central nervous system caused by hypoxia can be sympathetic excitement, the release of adrenaline boost substances, peripheral vascular contraction, can increase blood pressure. Pathological changes so that these patients have the following symptoms, such as lethargy, Chen Qi headaches, personality changes, easily excited and mental decline, memory poor, vulnerable, such as coronary heart disease.
According to the survey, in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients, with more than 50 percent have high blood pressure and hypertension patients, 30 percent of the people associated with chronic obstructive sleep suspended syndrome. Most patients over fluctuations of blood pressure, sleep does not decrease blood pressure, blood pressure and even some night over the daytime blood pressure. Some people think that obstructive sleep suspended syndrome is a cause of hypertension, as to the exact causal relationship at present unknown, to be discussed.
Perhaps we think that snoring is small, routine, in fact, it may on the potential danger. Obstructive sleep apnea can coronary heart disease, cerebral vascular accident rate increased substantially. Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy of the merger is more dangerous, because the sympathetic nervous excitement, hypoxia and hypercapnia Yizhi serious arrhythmia and sudden death. Therefore, should be given active treatment, first of all, as far as possible removal of airway obstruction, if necessary, treatment. Overweight should control diet, increase in sports. Alcohol and sleeping pills can increase the airway obstruction during sleep, should anti-alcohol and sleeping pills. Patients can increase snoring supine position, the best lateral. In recent years, to take patients in severe nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment of respiratory, good effect, not only can improve sleep quality, but also the prevention of cardiovascular complications. To meet with hypertension can antihypertensive drug treatment. Preparation of traditional Chinese and western medicine, said Jiangyapian-to wild chrysanthemum, pearl-powder, Huaimi, such as traditional Chinese medicine as the main component, a buck a smooth and effective Indeed, the long-term use had no significant side effects, and other characteristics, has now become hypertensive patients standing Chang Fu drugs .
Everyone in life is easy to see that a significant number of people who sleep snoring high blood pressure. In clinical work, they often encounter a number of middle-aged male patients with hypertension, their body fat, blood and more quality, short neck, snoring sleep, taking a variety of antihypertensive drug treatment after blood pressure remained high. So, is not snoring and hypertension-related «If some patients to a positive pressure breathing by the nose of the special treatment, the patient's blood pressure can be relatively easy to control in an ideal level. The disease in medicine known as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, commonly known as snoring with hypertension.
People sleep in the respiratory rate and depth is not absolute uniformity, even apnea can have temporary phenomenon, if a suspension of less than 10 seconds, will not affect the sleep artery in the blood oxygen content, this phenomenon is normal. However, if a suspension of more than 10 seconds, then called apnea. Sleep apnea caused a lot of reasons, such as the elderly heart failure, chronic renal failure, central nervous system diseases, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is due to airway obstruction from a series of consequences. As hypoxia stimulate the central nervous system so that patients Bie wake up, and then return to normal, so wake up repeatedly Bie, occurred dozens of times over the night, resulting in poor quality of sleep, Cheng Qian sleep. Anoxic breathing repeatedly suspended and have a carbon dioxide retention can cause pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular dysfunction. Central nervous system caused by hypoxia can be sympathetic excitement, the release of adrenaline boost substances, peripheral vascular contraction, can increase blood pressure. Pathological changes so that these patients have the following symptoms, such as lethargy, Chen Qi headaches, personality changes, easily excited and mental decline, memory poor, vulnerable, such as coronary heart disease.
According to the survey, in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients, with more than 50 percent have high blood pressure and hypertension patients, 30 percent of the people associated with chronic obstructive sleep suspended syndrome. Most patients over fluctuations of blood pressure, sleep does not decrease blood pressure, blood pressure and even some night over the daytime blood pressure. Some people think that obstructive sleep suspended syndrome is a cause of hypertension, as to the exact causal relationship at present unknown, to be discussed.
Perhaps we think that snoring is small, routine, in fact, it may on the potential danger. Obstructive sleep apnea can coronary heart disease, cerebral vascular accident rate increased substantially. Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy of the merger is more dangerous, because the sympathetic nervous excitement, hypoxia and hypercapnia Yizhi serious arrhythmia and sudden death. Therefore, should be given active treatment, first of all, as far as possible removal of airway obstruction, if necessary, treatment. Overweight should control diet, increase in sports. Alcohol and sleeping pills can increase the airway obstruction during sleep, should anti-alcohol and sleeping pills. Patients can increase snoring supine position, the best lateral. In recent years, to take patients in severe nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment of respiratory, good effect, not only can improve sleep quality, but also the prevention of cardiovascular complications. To meet with hypertension can antihypertensive drug treatment. Preparation of traditional Chinese and western medicine, said Jiangyapian-to wild chrysanthemum, pearl-powder, Huaimi, such as traditional Chinese medicine as the main component, a buck a smooth and effective Indeed, the long-term use had no significant side effects, and other characteristics, has now become hypertensive patients standing Chang Fu drugs .
The relationship between obesity and hypertension
The relationship between obesity and hypertension
Obesity in the incidence of hypertension was significantly higher than non-obese, which is the clinical observation confirmed by the facts. Obesity to the mechanism of hypertension is: Obesity patients a significant increase in fat tissue, so that the corresponding increase in volume of blood circulation, the small arteries to increase resistance to external factors, heart Work must be strengthened, to increase the volume of stroke, peripheral organizations to ensure that the blood供应. This caused a small arteriosclerosis, to hypertension, and obesity in patients there is a certain degree of Shuinazhuliu, to further increase the cycle of blood, high blood pressure increase.
Although obesity can cause high blood pressure, but clinical observation is that many of the normal blood pressure, obesity, which may be related to the body's own capacity to compensate. Of course, the compensatory ability is limited, once the compensatory ability will be lost in high blood pressure. To lose weight is to prevent hypertension and effective measures, and even hypertension have taken place in the obese, the low-calorie diet therapy to weight loss, high blood pressure can also be self-mitigation.
Genetic factors on the incidence of obesity, hypertension also have some impact. In recent years the study found that patients with hypertension are frequently hyperinsulinemia, including part of the normal weight patients with hypertension. Hyperinsulinemia on the vessel wall, directly or indirectly, the incidence of hypertension have great impact. The incidence of such patients often tend to the family.
Obesity in the incidence of hypertension was significantly higher than non-obese, which is the clinical observation confirmed by the facts. Obesity to the mechanism of hypertension is: Obesity patients a significant increase in fat tissue, so that the corresponding increase in volume of blood circulation, the small arteries to increase resistance to external factors, heart Work must be strengthened, to increase the volume of stroke, peripheral organizations to ensure that the blood供应. This caused a small arteriosclerosis, to hypertension, and obesity in patients there is a certain degree of Shuinazhuliu, to further increase the cycle of blood, high blood pressure increase.
Although obesity can cause high blood pressure, but clinical observation is that many of the normal blood pressure, obesity, which may be related to the body's own capacity to compensate. Of course, the compensatory ability is limited, once the compensatory ability will be lost in high blood pressure. To lose weight is to prevent hypertension and effective measures, and even hypertension have taken place in the obese, the low-calorie diet therapy to weight loss, high blood pressure can also be self-mitigation.
Genetic factors on the incidence of obesity, hypertension also have some impact. In recent years the study found that patients with hypertension are frequently hyperinsulinemia, including part of the normal weight patients with hypertension. Hyperinsulinemia on the vessel wall, directly or indirectly, the incidence of hypertension have great impact. The incidence of such patients often tend to the family.
Hypertension and hyperlipidemia of the relationship
Hypertension and hyperlipidemia of the relationship
The incidence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia and development are closely related. Large number of studies show that many patients with hypertension associated with lipid metabolism disorders, blood cholesterol and triglyceride content was significantly higher than normal, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels lower. On the other hand, many hyperlipidemia often with hypertension, a causal relationship between the two, but what the reasons for the fruit, is not very clear.
Hyperlipidemia and hypertension are both an important risk factor for coronary heart disease, the two co-exist, the incidence of coronary heart disease than those of a high, so the two should co-exist more active treatment.
Well, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, how do co-exist »
1. To strengthen the life and catering management, control calorie intake, increased activity appropriate. Eating too many calories, the extra calories to fat to be stored in the body, blood lipids and high blood pressure, therefore, should be to limit fat main staple food every day 200 to 250 grams, do not eat sweets, be appropriate to eat fish, Soybean products, poultry, vegetables, etc., but not too many meals, not overeating, to eat dinner. Eat rich in calcium, potassium foods such as bananas, seaweed, kelp, potato, soybean products and Gulei, so as to promote the body's sodium excretion, the adjustment of sodium and calcium in the ratio of blood vessels to reduce the tension and maintain Artery normal systolic and diastolic response, the protection of the heart.
Moderate exercise, can effectively increase the quality of endogenous heat, heat the body to increase and speed up the body fat, sugar and protein decomposition, is conducive to erosion of sediment from the walls of blood vessels, can accelerate the decomposition of blood lipids, thus preventing high blood pressure, high Lipid levels, slow down the aging of the organ, therefore, should insist on training, but the elderly should be Walking, jogging, playing Taijiquan-based, not strenuous exercise.
2. Chiyan patients should be adequate. According to reports, some scholars have found that with the salt-sensitive hypertension-related, some salt-sensitive gene mutations have sodium pump, which was dominant genetic mutation, which reveals the world studied more than 100 years of Chiyan number of areas on the incidence of hypertension and more , And some people do not Chiyan more incidence of answer, therefore, the salt-sensitive hypertensive patients, the reduction of salt is very important, not salt-sensitive hypertensive patients, excessive salt can be affected by sugar and fat metabolism, the general daily salt 5 g of the hands of the following, the two are not significantly affected by.
3. Tobacco and alcohol on hypertension and hyperlipidemia is a contributing factor, the patient should be categorically quit smoking for good wine to Buhe.
4. In the use of antihypertensive drugs, it is necessary to consider the impact on lipid metabolism. Clinical studies show that some anti-hypertensive drugs on lipid metabolism may have a negative impact, thus becoming a catalyst for atherosclerosis, such as antihypertensive drug diuretic, β-receptor blockers have such a role. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium antagonists also have an impact on lipid metabolism. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia of the coexistence of patients, the drug is the best piperaquine唑triazine, urapidil Erdeng a1-blockers, they can buck, and help lipid metabolism.
5. The buck in treating hyperlipidemia not improved, at the same time there coronary heart disease risk factors, should be compatible application of hyperlipidemia drugs.
The incidence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia and development are closely related. Large number of studies show that many patients with hypertension associated with lipid metabolism disorders, blood cholesterol and triglyceride content was significantly higher than normal, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels lower. On the other hand, many hyperlipidemia often with hypertension, a causal relationship between the two, but what the reasons for the fruit, is not very clear.
Hyperlipidemia and hypertension are both an important risk factor for coronary heart disease, the two co-exist, the incidence of coronary heart disease than those of a high, so the two should co-exist more active treatment.
Well, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, how do co-exist »
1. To strengthen the life and catering management, control calorie intake, increased activity appropriate. Eating too many calories, the extra calories to fat to be stored in the body, blood lipids and high blood pressure, therefore, should be to limit fat main staple food every day 200 to 250 grams, do not eat sweets, be appropriate to eat fish, Soybean products, poultry, vegetables, etc., but not too many meals, not overeating, to eat dinner. Eat rich in calcium, potassium foods such as bananas, seaweed, kelp, potato, soybean products and Gulei, so as to promote the body's sodium excretion, the adjustment of sodium and calcium in the ratio of blood vessels to reduce the tension and maintain Artery normal systolic and diastolic response, the protection of the heart.
Moderate exercise, can effectively increase the quality of endogenous heat, heat the body to increase and speed up the body fat, sugar and protein decomposition, is conducive to erosion of sediment from the walls of blood vessels, can accelerate the decomposition of blood lipids, thus preventing high blood pressure, high Lipid levels, slow down the aging of the organ, therefore, should insist on training, but the elderly should be Walking, jogging, playing Taijiquan-based, not strenuous exercise.
2. Chiyan patients should be adequate. According to reports, some scholars have found that with the salt-sensitive hypertension-related, some salt-sensitive gene mutations have sodium pump, which was dominant genetic mutation, which reveals the world studied more than 100 years of Chiyan number of areas on the incidence of hypertension and more , And some people do not Chiyan more incidence of answer, therefore, the salt-sensitive hypertensive patients, the reduction of salt is very important, not salt-sensitive hypertensive patients, excessive salt can be affected by sugar and fat metabolism, the general daily salt 5 g of the hands of the following, the two are not significantly affected by.
3. Tobacco and alcohol on hypertension and hyperlipidemia is a contributing factor, the patient should be categorically quit smoking for good wine to Buhe.
4. In the use of antihypertensive drugs, it is necessary to consider the impact on lipid metabolism. Clinical studies show that some anti-hypertensive drugs on lipid metabolism may have a negative impact, thus becoming a catalyst for atherosclerosis, such as antihypertensive drug diuretic, β-receptor blockers have such a role. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium antagonists also have an impact on lipid metabolism. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia of the coexistence of patients, the drug is the best piperaquine唑triazine, urapidil Erdeng a1-blockers, they can buck, and help lipid metabolism.
5. The buck in treating hyperlipidemia not improved, at the same time there coronary heart disease risk factors, should be compatible application of hyperlipidemia drugs.
Scientists found that human protein can be induced hypertension
Scientists found that human protein can be induced hypertension
After the middle-aged people, often to increase blood pressure and even lead to heart and circulatory system diseases. However, what causes high blood pressure, or people so far only superficial understanding. For example, we all know, in most cases of hypertension, are due to vascular sclerosis, vascular reduce the cross-sectional area. However, why would vascular sclerosis this problem, it seems that still can not explain.
Recently, the German Technical University of Munich Drug Institute scientists have done to answer, and their research results published in the March 1st phase of "Nature" magazine. They found that the body found in a IRAG named the protein, this protein can make blood vessels to soften, thus increasing blood vessel cross-sectional area, to reduce blood pressure. However, once the function of IRAG be disrupted, blood vessels can not be its role, began to harden. To the University of Hoffman (Hofman), led by Professor researchers found, IRAG protein vascular muscle cells can hinder the release of calcium, and calcium components of the reduction will enable vessels to soften. They also found that, in addition to tightening because of renal artery caused by hypertension, high blood pressure are the rest of the formation of the reasons for this.
Therefore, they believe that this discovery will help the future development of new prevention and treatment of hypertension drugs. However, not with this new discovery, the treatment of hypertension can be easily handled, Professor, Professor Hoffman said, usually from a new discovery really started to research results into new drugs, at least 10 times, so for us, Still have to pay attention to physical activity and health is being strokes.
After the middle-aged people, often to increase blood pressure and even lead to heart and circulatory system diseases. However, what causes high blood pressure, or people so far only superficial understanding. For example, we all know, in most cases of hypertension, are due to vascular sclerosis, vascular reduce the cross-sectional area. However, why would vascular sclerosis this problem, it seems that still can not explain.
Recently, the German Technical University of Munich Drug Institute scientists have done to answer, and their research results published in the March 1st phase of "Nature" magazine. They found that the body found in a IRAG named the protein, this protein can make blood vessels to soften, thus increasing blood vessel cross-sectional area, to reduce blood pressure. However, once the function of IRAG be disrupted, blood vessels can not be its role, began to harden. To the University of Hoffman (Hofman), led by Professor researchers found, IRAG protein vascular muscle cells can hinder the release of calcium, and calcium components of the reduction will enable vessels to soften. They also found that, in addition to tightening because of renal artery caused by hypertension, high blood pressure are the rest of the formation of the reasons for this.
Therefore, they believe that this discovery will help the future development of new prevention and treatment of hypertension drugs. However, not with this new discovery, the treatment of hypertension can be easily handled, Professor, Professor Hoffman said, usually from a new discovery really started to research results into new drugs, at least 10 times, so for us, Still have to pay attention to physical activity and health is being strokes.
Lipid control blood pressure can reduce 80 percent of coronary events
Lipid control blood pressure can reduce 80 percent of coronary events
University of California study, patients with metabolic syndrome through blood lipids and (or) the normal level of blood pressure control or optimal level, can significantly reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. If the blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were in control of the optimal level, the incidence of coronary events will be reduced over 80 percent.
Metabolic syndrome is the occurrence of coronary heart disease risk factors. In the United States, there are about 47 million people suffering from metabolic syndrome (including diabetes), adults over the age of 20, 22 percent of men and 24 percent of women suffering from the disease, with the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke Increased three times, five times the increase in cardiovascular mortality.
Researchers from the United States to participate in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study subjects were 30 to 74-year-old, identified a total of 1,513 cases of patients with metabolic syndrome, to investigate and assess these patients. Will be calculated blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control to a normal level or the desired level to reduce the number of cardiovascular events.
The results showed that 30 to 74 years in the 7.5 million men and 9 million women in patients with metabolic syndrome, if not control blood pressure, cholesterol, 10 years respectively, will have about 1.5 million men and 450,000 women in coronary events. If the blood pressure control in the normal level, male and female incidence of coronary heart disease will be reduced by 28.1%, 12.5%; if the optimal level of control were reduced 28.2 percent, 45.2 percent. If the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of control in normal men and the incidence of coronary events will be reduced 25.3 percent, while women decreased 27.3 percent; if the optimal level of control, the incidence of coronary events were reduced 51.2 percent, 50.6 percent. If the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of control in normal men and the incidence of coronary events will be reduced 9.3 percent, while women decreased 9.8 percent; if the optimal level of control, coronary events were reduced 46.2%, 38.1%.
If the three risk factors are controlled at normal levels, to bring in male patients with coronary events to reduce the incidence of 51.3 per cent, 42.6 per cent female patients with lower if both the optimal level of control, men and women coronary event rates were 80.5 percent lower And 82.1 percent.
University of California study, patients with metabolic syndrome through blood lipids and (or) the normal level of blood pressure control or optimal level, can significantly reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. If the blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were in control of the optimal level, the incidence of coronary events will be reduced over 80 percent.
Metabolic syndrome is the occurrence of coronary heart disease risk factors. In the United States, there are about 47 million people suffering from metabolic syndrome (including diabetes), adults over the age of 20, 22 percent of men and 24 percent of women suffering from the disease, with the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke Increased three times, five times the increase in cardiovascular mortality.
Researchers from the United States to participate in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study subjects were 30 to 74-year-old, identified a total of 1,513 cases of patients with metabolic syndrome, to investigate and assess these patients. Will be calculated blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control to a normal level or the desired level to reduce the number of cardiovascular events.
The results showed that 30 to 74 years in the 7.5 million men and 9 million women in patients with metabolic syndrome, if not control blood pressure, cholesterol, 10 years respectively, will have about 1.5 million men and 450,000 women in coronary events. If the blood pressure control in the normal level, male and female incidence of coronary heart disease will be reduced by 28.1%, 12.5%; if the optimal level of control were reduced 28.2 percent, 45.2 percent. If the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of control in normal men and the incidence of coronary events will be reduced 25.3 percent, while women decreased 27.3 percent; if the optimal level of control, the incidence of coronary events were reduced 51.2 percent, 50.6 percent. If the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of control in normal men and the incidence of coronary events will be reduced 9.3 percent, while women decreased 9.8 percent; if the optimal level of control, coronary events were reduced 46.2%, 38.1%.
If the three risk factors are controlled at normal levels, to bring in male patients with coronary events to reduce the incidence of 51.3 per cent, 42.6 per cent female patients with lower if both the optimal level of control, men and women coronary event rates were 80.5 percent lower And 82.1 percent.
And the incidence of hypertension-related factors
And the incidence of hypertension-related factors
High blood pressure of unknown etiology, and pathogenesis-related factors are:
1. Incidence of age have increased with age and growth trends, more than 40-year-old high incidence of.
2. Intake of salt and more salt, a high incidence of hypertension, that salt <2 g / day, almost no hypertension; 3 ~ 4 g / day, hypertension incidence rate of 3%, 4 ~ 15 g / day, the incidence rate of 15 percent, > 20g / on the incidence rate of 30 percent.
3. Weight high incidence of obesity.
4. Genetic about half of patients with a family history of hypertension, may be related to genetic defects related to renal sodium row.
5. Environmental and Occupational noise of a working environment, excessive tension in the mental work are prone to high blood pressure, high-pressure city in the incidence rate than rural.
High blood pressure of unknown etiology, and pathogenesis-related factors are:
1. Incidence of age have increased with age and growth trends, more than 40-year-old high incidence of.
2. Intake of salt and more salt, a high incidence of hypertension, that salt <2 g / day, almost no hypertension; 3 ~ 4 g / day, hypertension incidence rate of 3%, 4 ~ 15 g / day, the incidence rate of 15 percent, > 20g / on the incidence rate of 30 percent.
3. Weight high incidence of obesity.
4. Genetic about half of patients with a family history of hypertension, may be related to genetic defects related to renal sodium row.
5. Environmental and Occupational noise of a working environment, excessive tension in the mental work are prone to high blood pressure, high-pressure city in the incidence rate than rural.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
