The principle of prevention and treatment of respiratory failure

The principle of prevention and treatment of respiratory failure.
First, the incidence of respiratory failure caused for the primary prevention of diseases, or promptly after the onset of active treatment.

Second, the prevention and removal of incentives for the role of respiratory failure might cause the disease, we must also prevent the role of incentives. For example, trauma, shock patients, to avoid inhaling high concentrations of oxygen, lost Jiucun blood bank transfusion of blood or excessive so as to avoid induced adult respiratory distress syndrome. Those with respiratory diseases, surgical patients must make, they should first check the patient's lung function reserve. On lung function has been damaged or chronic respiratory failure patients should actively prevent and remove all incentive for the role, so as not to induce acute respiratory failure.

Third, open the airway and improve ventilation methods are commonly used: ① clearing the airway contents or secretions; ② lifting of bronchospasm; ③ with anti-inflammatory treatment to reduce airway swelling and secretion; ④ when necessary for intubation or Tracheotomy; ⑤ given respiratory center stimulants; ⑥ master indication, the proper use of mechanical ventilation.

Fourth, improve the hypoxic respiratory failure must be a serious lack of oxygen, thus correcting the lack of oxygen, increase the level of each Pao2 patients are necessary. The purpose of the short term to try to Pao2 rose to 6.67 ~ 8.0 kPa (50 ~ 60mmHg), arterial blood oxygen saturation rose to about 85 percent. Ⅰ hypoxic respiratory failure without a carbon dioxide retention can be inhaled high concentrations of oxygen (generally not more than 50 per cent). Ⅱ chronic respiratory failure, the response of the respiratory center because of the changes, the general principle that oxygen concentration in a sustained low-low-flow suitable. Pao2 security should be made to achieve the level of 8.0 ~ 9.33 kPa (60 ~ 70mmHg), to be organized with the necessary supply of oxygen and carbon dioxide will not cause anesthesia, and then adjust according to the patients and gradually increase the concentration of oxygen inhalation and traffic. If oxygen when carbon dioxide partial pressure of a rising, they help to promote artificial ventilation to emit carbon dioxide.

5, close observation of guardianship, comprehensive treatment of attention to correct acid-base balance of water electrolyte disturbance and disorder of the heart, the brain, kidneys and other vital organs of the functions of prevention and treatment of common complications.